• Cells have developed strategies aiming to enhance

  2025-02-05

  

  Cells have developed strategies aiming to enhance both the efficiency of proteins with chaperone activity as well as their overall antioxidant capacity to maintain proteostasis under oxidative stress conditions (Miyata et al., 2012). For instance, 2-Cys peroxiredoxin is an abundantly expressed, anti

• Although several studies indicate that ALDH protects the hea

  2025-02-05

  

  Although several studies indicate that ALDH2 protects the heart from injury and maladaptive remodeling (reviewed in [11], [12], [13]), accumulating evidence indicates that deficiency of the enzyme could be protective as well. For example, mice expressing the defective Aldh2*2 mutation show lower ald

• AhR was proven to participate in carcinogenesis Its high exp

  2025-02-05

  

  AhR was proven to participate in carcinogenesis. Its high expression was demonstrated in a variety of tumors, i.e. pancreatic, prostate, urinary tract, lung and papillary thyroid carcinoma (Safe et al., 2013, Mian et al., 2014). However, cell line studies showed variable AhR levels/responses. AhR kn

• br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgments

  2025-02-05

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgments This work was supported by research grant [PR26/20326] from Santander Bank/UCM. The authors would like to thank Miguel Capo, Professor of Toxicology from the Universidad Complutense de Madrid, for his counseling during the preparation of the present work.

• br Funding This work was supported

  2025-02-05

  

  Funding This work was supported by Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc, San Diego, CA, USA. Introduction 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B (5-HT1B) receptors are widely distributed in the central nervous system (CNS); they have various modulatory functions in drug reinforcement, appetitive behaviors, stress, moo

• During preparation of this manuscript some

  2025-02-05

  

  During preparation of this manuscript, some studies investigating effects of Sunitinib on Axl activity in renal cancer have been published [44], [45], [46], [47]. However, there are several important considerations to take into account interpreting results of these studies. First, Sunitinib doses th

• br Conclusion br List of abbreviations br Acknowledgment

  2025-02-04

  

  Conclusion List of abbreviations Acknowledgment The studies performed by our laboratory and presented in this review were supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan, (KAKENHI 17590618 [to H.I.] and KAKENHI 22249017 [to Y.Y.]), and the Japanese S

• Sennoside D br Discussion Arginase and Arginase are homologo

  2025-02-03

  

  Discussion Arginase 1 and Arginase 2 are homologous enzymes that consume l-arginine to produce l-ornithine and urea [14], [15]. These enzymes compete with NO synthases for the same substrate [14], [15], [30], and therefore may reduce NO production [21], [24], [30]. The colocalization of arginases

• br Discussion The present understanding is that patients

  2025-02-01

  

  Discussion The present understanding is that patients suffering from AD are at a higher risk for epilepsy than individuals without AD [[1], [2]]. The clinical diagnostic accuracy of AD has improved significantly during the last decades. However, most of the epidemiological studies on these two of

• Aberrant or a sustained activation of AhR

  2025-02-01

  

  Aberrant or a sustained activation of AhR signaling pathway, triggered by exogenous toxic ligands such as dioxins, PAHs or polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), is a well-described biological process engaged during tumor initiation and/or promotion in various tissues (e.g. liver, lung, skin)(reviewed in

• To assess relative metabolic activity and

  2025-02-01

  

  To assess relative metabolic activity and proliferation of GYKI 52466 dihydrochloride receptor attached to various substrates we used the MTT assay [29], [30]. In order to compare the metabolic activity of cells under the various conditions irrespective of the number or viability of the cells, we p

• SB-205384 product br Conclusions Several lines of evidence

  2025-02-01

  

  Conclusions Several lines of evidence have been established, which support the adenosine kinase hypothesis of epileptogenesis, which is based on a sequence of events leading from acute SB-205384 product injury to initial downregulation of ADK, rise in extracellular adenosine, changes in astrocyti

• The mitochondrial protein AIF was the first caspase independ

  2025-01-31

  

  The mitochondrial protein AIF was the first caspase-independent death effector. AIF can induce caspase-independent chromatin condensation and large-scale DNA fragmentation to approximately 50 KB. AIF that is released to cytoplasm can mediate apoptosis when special extracellular signals trigger the o

• Although sex hormones activational effects

  2025-01-31

  

  Although sex hormones (activational effects) are known to directly interact with RAS (Baiardi et al., 2005, Miller et al., 1999, Silbiger and Neugarten, 1995), the potential contribution of organizational hormonal and SCC effects on physiological sex-based difference in the regulation of the RAS rem

• A large number of aldose reductase

  2025-01-31

  

  A large number of aldose reductase inhibitors have been prepared synthetically, and a limited number of them are therapeutically used. However, none of them is satisfactory. Here, Cannabis extracts with high content of non-psychotropic phytocannabinoids CBD/CBDA or CBG/CBGA showed statistically sign

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